Walking On Embers: The Complexity of Adolescent Sexual Dynamics and Its Implications for Sex Education Structure in University
Keywords:
Adolescents, Sex Education, Sexual Behaviour, Digital Media
Abstract
This article discusses the complexity of adolescent sexual behaviour in Indonesia and its implications for the need to reform sex education. The study highlights the increasing prevalence of premarital sex among adolescents, driven by uncontrolled access to sexual information via digital media. The urgency of this research lies in the lack of comprehensive sex education in Indonesia and the absence of open dialogue within families. This situation is exacerbated by the high number of adolescents engaging in premarital sex, with approximately 60% of those aged 16-17 involved. This study employs a qualitative approach using phenomenological methods to understand adolescents' perceptions and experiences of sexuality. Data were collected through content analysis of various digital platforms, including social media, news articles, videos, and online forums. This approach allows researchers to capture the nuances of how sexual information is disseminated and received by young audiences. Data triangulation techniques were employed to enhance the validity of the research by comparing multiple sources of information. Findings indicate that Indonesian adolescents are caught between traditional values and the influence of modernisation, particularly through social media. The wide accessibility of sexual information without proper guidance has led to confusion, risky sexual behaviour, increased teenage pregnancies, and the spread of sexually transmitted infections. This underscores the need for a more comprehensive reform of sex education in Indonesia, incorporating biological, psychological, social, and cultural dimensions. In conclusion, reforming sex education in Indonesia is crucial to providing adolescents with a more holistic understanding of sexuality in the digital age.
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References
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Anjani, Firda Dwi, Santoso Tri Raharjo, and Muhammad Fedryansyah. “FAKTOR INDIVIDU DAN LINGKUNGAN SOSIAL SEBAGAI PENYEBAB PERILAKU SEXTING DI KALANGAN REMAJA.” Share : Social Work Journal 12, no. 1 (2022). https://doi.org/10.24198/share.v12i1.33684.
Arifati, Wilda, and Mariyana Ricky P.D. “BKKBN: 60 Persen Remaja Usia 16-17 Tahun Di Indonesia Lakoni Seks Pranikah.” Solopos News, 2023. https://news.solopos.com/bkkbn-60-persen-remaja-usia-16-17-tahun-di-indonesia-lakoni-seks-pranikah-1703798.
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Brown, Jane D. “Mass Media Influences on Sexuality.” Journal of Sex Research, 2002. https://doi.org/10.1080/00224490209552118.
Budde, Juergen, Christina Witz, and Maika Böhm. “Sexual Boundary Violations via Digital Media Among Students.” Frontiers in Psychology 12 (2022). https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.755752.
Canet Benavent, Encarna, and Lucia Martínez Martínez. “The Consumption of Pornography in University Students.” Human Review. International Humanities Review / Revista Internacional de Humanidades 19, no. 1 (2023). https://doi.org/10.37467/revhuman.v19.4910.
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Courtenay, Thomas, and Paula Baraitser. “Improving Online Clinical Sexual and Reproductive Health Information to Support Self-Care: A Realist Review.” Digital Health, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1177/20552076221084465.
Engel, Elena, Sascha Gell, Raffael Heiss, and Kathrin Karsay. “Social Media Influencers and Adolescents’ Health: A Scoping Review of the Research Field.” Social Science and Medicine, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2023.116387.
Fevriasanty, Fransiska Imavike. “Pornografi Internet Dan Perilaku Seksual Pranikah Pada Remaja: Literature Review.” CoMPHI Journal: Community Medicine and Public Health of Indonesia Journal 1, no. 2 (2020). https://doi.org/10.37148/comphijournal.v1i2.11.
Fevriasanty, Fransiska Imavike, Bagong Suyanto, Oedojo Soedirham, Rahma Sugihartati, and Ahsan Ahsan. “Effects of Social Media Exposure on Adolescent Sexual Attitudes and Behavior: A Systematic Review.” International Journal of Public Health Science 10, no. 2 (2021). https://doi.org/10.11591/ijphs.v10i2.20818.
Flick, Uwe. Doing Triangulation and Mixed Methods. Doing Triangulation and Mixed Methods, 2020. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781529716634.
Gusti, Gusti, and Masduki Masduki. “Regulasi Penjaminan Mutu Pendidikan Di Indonesia.” Jurnal Intelektualita: Keislaman, Sosial Dan Sains 11, no. 1 (2022). https://doi.org/10.19109/intelektualita.v11i1.10724.
Hungo, Melbert, and Leomarich F Casinillo. “Evaluating Parents’ Perspective on Sex Education in Elementary Schools.” JPI (Jurnal Pendidikan Indonesia) 12, no. 4 (2023). https://doi.org/10.23887/jpiundiksha.v12i4.67469.
Janah, Esti Nur, Daffa Yudha Pratama, Kholifah Nur Zakiyyah, Renita Juniyanti Putri P, and M. Fatih Yakin Sopyani. “OPTIMALISASI PENINGKATAN PENGETAHUAN REMAJA TENTANG KESEHATAN REPRODUKSI MELALUI EDUKASI PADA SISWA SEKOLAH MENENGAH ATAS.” EJOIN : Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat 2, no. 2 (2024). https://doi.org/10.55681/ejoin.v2i2.2322.
Kartikasari, Aprilia, and Nina Setiawati. “Bagaimana Komunikasi Orangtua Terkait Pendidikan Seks Pada Anak Remaja Mereka?” Journal of Bionursing 2, no. 1 (2020). https://doi.org/10.20884/1.bion.2020.2.1.33.
Khozah, Methembe Yotamu, and Wilfred Njabulo Nunu. “Sexual and Gender Minorities Inclusion and Uptake of Sexual and Reproductive Health Services: A Scoping Review of Literature.” American Journal of Men’s Health, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1177/15579883231184078.
Krippendorf, Klaus. “Methodology, Content Analysis: An Introduction to Its.” International Encyclopedia of Communication, 2013.
Krisna, Liza Agnesta, I Nyoman Nurjaya, Prija Djatmika, and Nurini Aprilianda. “Discourse on the Formulation of the Jarimah of Sexual Violence against Children in the Aceh Qanun Jinayat.” Research, Society and Development 10, no. 11 (2021). https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i11.20059.
Lee, Pei I., Hsiang Ru Lai, Pi Chu Lin, Shu Yu Kuo, Yen Kuang Lin, Su Ru Chen, and Pi Hsia Lee. “Effects of a Parenting Sexual Education Program for Immigrant Parents: A Cluster Randomized Trial.” Patient Education and Counseling 103, no. 2 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pec.2019.08.027.
Lee, Richard Meng Kam, Choon How How, and Kumudhini Rajasegaran. “Sexual Matters among Teenagers.” Singapore Medical Journal 60, no. 9 (2019). https://doi.org/10.11622/smedj.2019112.
Leite, Paloma Loiola, Francisco Ayslan Ferreira Torres, Leonarda Marques Pereira, Adriana de Moraes Bezerra, Lucas Dias Soares Machado, and Maria Rocineide Ferreira da Silva. “Construction and Validation of Podcast for Teen Sexual and Reproductive Health Education*.” Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem 30, no. Special Issue (2022). https://doi.org/10.1590/1518-8345.6263.3705.
Mirsepassi, Zahra, Firoozeh Raisi, Zahra Shahvari, Reihaneh FirooziKhojastefar, and Seyyed Taha Yahyavi. “Evaluating Family Knowledge about Sexual Health in Patients with Severe Mental Illness: A Qualitative Study in Iran.” BMC Psychiatry 22, no. 1 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-022-03788-4.
Mooduto, Siti Fatimah, Nurnaningsih Ali Abdul, and Magdalena M Tompunuh. “Paparan Media Sosial Terhadap Perilaku Seksual Remaja.” Journal Midwifery Jurusan Kebidanan Politeknik Kesehatan Gorontalo 7, no. 1 (2021). https://doi.org/10.52365/jm.v7i1.304.
Muyasaroh, Ode Muhamad Man Arfa Ladamay, Choirul Mahfud, Mustakim, and Yasa Griya Sejati. “The Utilization of Gadget in Maintaining Prophetical Values in Millennial Generation.” International Journal of Psychosocial Rehabilitation 24, no. 4 (2020). https://doi.org/10.37200/IJPR/V24I4/PR201655.
Nurani, Nina, Karwasih, and Sasi Kirana. “Development Of Millennials Human Resources in Bandung Through Creative Digital Copyrights in An Effort to Deal with The Challenges of Society 5.0.” Review of International Geographical Education Online 11, no. 5 (2021). https://doi.org/10.48047/rigeo.11.05.216.
Nurfadhilah, Erry Utomo, and Amos Neolaka. “PENDIDIKAN ABSTINENSI DALAM KURIKULUM PENDIDIKAN DASAR INDONESIA.” Jurnal Pendidikan Dasar 11, no. 1 (2020). https://doi.org/10.21009/jpd.v11i1.15435.
Nurmawati, Eka Indah, and Dwiyana Indah Safitri. “Regulation of Parents’ Emotions of Child Victims of Sexual Violence.” Psikoborneo: Jurnal Ilmiah Psikologi 11, no. 2 (2023). https://doi.org/10.30872/psikoborneo.v11i2.10405.
Nurnaningsih, Nurnaningsih. “Patriarchal Culture, Sexual Violence, and Legal Protection for Women in Indonesia.” Veteran Law Review 6, no. SpecialIssues (2023). https://doi.org/10.35586/velrev.v6ispecialissues.5758.
Nurul, Nurul Hazimah, A. M.K.Yanti Idaya, and A. Noorhidawati. “Informational Roles and Information Needs of Formal Caregivers at Child Welfare Institutions in Malaysia.” Malaysian Journal of Library and Information Science 24, no. 3 (2019). https://doi.org/10.22452/mjlis.vol24no3.1.
O’Donnell, James, Iwu Dwisetyani Utomo, and Peter McDonald. “Premarital Sex and Pregnancy in Greater Jakarta.” Genus 76, no. 1 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1186/s41118-020-00081-8.
Pilarska, Justyna. “The Constructivist Paradigm and Phenomenological Qualitative Research Design.” In Research Paradigm Considerations for Emerging Scholars, 2021. https://doi.org/10.21832/9781845418281-008.
Planert, Ute. “WEIMAR BODIES: Gender, Sexuality, and Reproduction.” In The Oxford Handbook of the Weimar Republic, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198845775.013.29.
Popović, Stjepka. “Child Sexual Abuse News: A Systematic Review of Content Analysis Studies.” Journal of Child Sexual Abuse 27, no. 7 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1080/10538712.2018.1486935.
Quincy, Rey, and Kammuraed Manduza. “Sexual Behaviour Change on Youth in Digitalized World.” Journal La Medihealtico 2, no. 4 (2021). https://doi.org/10.37899/journallamedihealtico.v2i4.371.
Rabbitte, Maureen, and Maithe Enriquez. “The Role of Policy on Sexual Health Education in Schools: Review.” Journal of School Nursing, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1177/1059840518789240.
Reeuwijk, Miranda van, Amala Rahmah, and Kristin Mmari. “Creating an Enabling Environment for a Comprehensive Sexuality Education Intervention in Indonesia: Findings From an Implementation Research Study.” Journal of Adolescent Health 73, no. 1 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2022.07.016.
Schipper, Neele, Naska Goagoses, and Ute Koglin. “Associations between Moral Identity, Social Goal Orientations, and Moral Decisions in Adolescents.” European Journal of Developmental Psychology 20, no. 1 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1080/17405629.2022.2056160.
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Published
2025-05-11
How to Cite
Pratama, T. A., & al Mujahid, N. S. (2025). Walking On Embers: The Complexity of Adolescent Sexual Dynamics and Its Implications for Sex Education Structure in University . Paedagogia: Jurnal Pendidikan, 14(1), 13-36. https://doi.org/10.24239/pdg.Vol14.Iss1.594
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